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Labellum (insect anatomy)
In entomology, the term labellum has been applied variously and in partly contradictory ways. One usage is in referring to a prolongation of the labrum that covers the base of the rostrum in certain Coleoptera and Hemiptera.〔Smith, John B. ''Explanation of terms used in entomology''. Pub: Brooklyn Entomological Society 1906. May be downloaded from: ()〕
In contrast, the commonest current use of the term is in the anatomy of the mouthparts of Diptera, particularly those in which the labium forms the bulk of the proboscis, such as in the housefly family. Typically, the labium is expanded distally into a pair of fleshy labella. In the early twentieth century it was argued that the labella are the modified labial palps, and that point of view still is seen as having merit.〔Crampton, G. C.; The sclerites of the head and the mouthparts of certain immature and adult insects. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am. 14, pp. 65-103.〕 In flies such as the mosquitoes, that have long antennae, the labella are two separate organs, attached to the proboscis only at their bases, but in the flies with short antennae, such as the house fly, they are more or less fused to form a single structure. Flies with fused labella have food channels in the surface of the labella. These are called ''pseudotracheae''. They form the "spongy" part of a housefly's "tongue".
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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